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91. Ash-Shams · The Sun

Oaths by the natural world lead into reflection on the soul's moral awareness and the importance of its purification. The account of Thamud and the she-camel supplies a warning about wrongdoing, defiance, and the consequences of collective choices.

Updated 20 October 2026Editorial review edition

Meccan (traditional classification) · 15 verses

Editorial themes: Conscience · Purification · Thamud · Responsibility

English: Marmaduke Pickthall (1930), public-domain translation. Arabic: Tanzil Project, Uthmani 1.1, used verbatim under its text licence. Text provenance & limitations →

A note on Arabic, English and verse numbering

Tanzil’s Arabic source includes the opening basmala with the first verse of surahs other than 9. Pickthall’s numbered translation includes it at 1:1; at other surah openings it is not repeated within the numbered English verse. This display preserves both source conventions. The Arabic is not a collection of all variant readings.

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ وَٱلشَّمْسِ وَضُحَىٰهَا

By the sun and his brightness,

وَٱلْقَمَرِ إِذَا تَلَىٰهَا

And the moon when she followeth him,

وَٱلنَّهَارِ إِذَا جَلَّىٰهَا

And the day when it revealeth him,

وَٱلَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَىٰهَا

And the night when it enshroudeth him,

وَٱلسَّمَآءِ وَمَا بَنَىٰهَا

And the heaven and Him Who built it,

وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا طَحَىٰهَا

And the earth and Him Who spread it,

وَنَفْسٍ وَمَا سَوَّىٰهَا

And a soul and Him Who perfected it

فَأَلْهَمَهَا فُجُورَهَا وَتَقْوَىٰهَا

And inspired it (with conscience of) what is wrong for it and (what is) right for it.

قَدْ أَفْلَحَ مَن زَكَّىٰهَا

He is indeed successful who causeth it to grow,

وَقَدْ خَابَ مَن دَسَّىٰهَا

And he is indeed a failure who stunteth it.

كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوَىٰهَآ

(The tribe of) Thamud denied (the truth) in their rebellious pride,

إِذِ ٱنۢبَعَثَ أَشْقَىٰهَا

When the basest of them broke forth

فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ ٱللَّهِ نَاقَةَ ٱللَّهِ وَسُقْيَٰهَا

And the messenger of Allah said: It is the she-camel of Allah, so let her drink!

فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَعَقَرُوهَا فَدَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُم بِذَنۢبِهِمْ فَسَوَّىٰهَا

But they denied him, and they hamstrung her, so Allah doomed them for their sin and razed (their dwellings).

وَلَا يَخَافُ عُقْبَٰهَا

He dreadeth not the sequel (of events).

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